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In order to get the most out of them, you should also recreate real SAT testing conditions as best you can. Choice B is incorrect because choice with getting is not idiomatic.

To the author of Passage 2, then, the Twins Days Festival represents the innocuousness harmlessness of genetic duplication, since twins are genetic duplicates, and nothing to be feared. As a result, these very old SAT practice tests are a hidden gold mine that few students know of. Free Printable SAT Tests Very Old 1600 Format, Pre-2005 Before the SAT underwent a redesign in 2016, the last time it had changed was in 2005, back when it jumped from a 1600-point scale to a 2400-point scale. Choice B is incorrect, because this moment is described as a moment of quiet communion, not deep inner turmoil.

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SAT PRACTICE TEST 1 ANSWER KEY Section 1: Reading 1. A Total Reading Points Section 1 Section 2: Writing and Language 1. B Total Writing and Language Points Section 2 Section 3: Math No Calculator 1. Use the answer key to mark your responses on each section. Total the number of correct responses for each section: 3. Add the raw scores for sections 3 and 4. Use the Table 1 to calculate your Scaled Test and Section Scores 10—40. Add the Reading Test Scaled Score and the Writing and Language Test Scaled Score and multiply this sum by 10 to get your Reading and Writing Test Section Score 20—80. Table 1: Scaled Section and Test Scores 10—40 SAT PRACTICE TEST 1 DETAILED ANSWER KEY Section 1: Reading 1. A Detail In lines 10—25, the author of Passage 1 discusses how farm subsidies are used both to lower food prices by subsidizing farmers when prices get too high, and to raise them by paying farmers to leave their land fallow when prices get too low. Although he disputes that these efforts to stabilize prices are worth the cost, he does indicate that they work. In the first paragraph of Passage 2 lines 60—73 , the author indicates that farm subsidies protect consumers from price spikes lines 69—70. D Inference In lines 8—9, the author of Passage 1 states that the report about corruption and incompetence in the U. Choice B is incorrect because, although the author himself goes on to refute this misconception, the results of the poll do not. Rather, they confirm a general sentiment. Choice C is incorrect because the poll does not indicate any shift away from the discussion about the ineffectiveness of the U. Choice D is incorrect because the word Indeed line 40 indicates that this result is unsurprising to him. C Data Analysis The thesis of Passage 1 is that something is rotten down on the farm line 1 , namely, the fact that, in a recent seven-year period, the U. He would most likely, then, choose to focus on the component of these subsidies that has grown significantly in the 15 years indicated on this graph, namely, crop insurance subsidies, which have expanded at a fairly steady rate and grew by about 500% from 1998 to 2012. As the introduction to the passage indicates, this program takes money from taxpayers to help farmers to buy crop insurance, thereby providing direct entitlements not only to farmers but also to insurance companies. Choice A , the general decline in total farm subsidies from 2005 to 2012, does not help the author make the point that these subsidies are a burden to American taxpayers. Similarly, choice B , the overall rate of change in commodity subsidies from 1998 to 2012 does not help his thesis, because after the first several years, the trend is generally downward. Choice D , the sudden spike in disaster subsidies from 2004 to 2005, also does not support his thesis, because he does not make any particular claims about the benefit of disaster subsidies. A Data Analysis The thesis of Passage 2 is that farm subsidies in the United States are vital line 61 and not as burdensome to American taxpayers as the critics claim lines 62—63. Therefore, the author of Passage 2 would most likely cite evidence that the total cost of the subsidies program is declining. B Cross-Textual Comparison The author of Passage 1 mentions that the U. Since the question asks us to find an appeal that is NOT also found in Passage 2, choice D is incorrect. D Tone and Characterization The narrator says that Reverend Jansen bent down in a cloud of Aqua Velva lines 5—6 and told her not to worry line 12. All of these descriptions work together to portray someone who is acting in a condescending and patronizing manner to a young child. D Interpretation The paragraph states that Christine begins her reply patiently line 36 , which might suggest that she is demonstrating motherly sympathy. The point of the paragraph is that Christine is not emotionally ready it makes me sad, line 40 to discuss something that her eight-year-old adopted daughter clearly wants to discuss, that is, she is emotionally immature. This is treatment appropriate to a pitiable embarrassment rather than a stern patriarch or noble hero. According to the narrator, the cheery smirk seemed to say Top that, Singapore! C General Purpose The passage as a whole describes the spectacular cyclorama line 9 that is known as the cosmic microwave background CMB radiation, a 13 billion year-old panoramic snapshot of the universe as it appeared the moment it first released its primordial photons lines 14—18. It then goes on to discuss the precise measurements that scientists have taken of this radiation and what they tell us about the early universe. In other words, the passage as a whole is discussing the analysis and significance of a cosmological phenomenon. The answer is not B , because although this Cyclorama depicts a historic battle, it is not itself a historical precedent an event that serves as a model for future similar events. Choice C is incorrect because the painting is depicted neither as quaint nor anachronistic out of historical order. Choice D is incorrect because although the passage later indicates that the discovery of the CMB was somewhat accidental, the Cyclorama was not. D Specific Purpose The discussion in lines 23—28 concerns the emergence of the first photons light particles in the early universe. The discussion in the next paragraph lines 24—36 explains that these early photons were previously trapped in an opaque fog of hydrogen plasma line 29. Choices A and D are incorrect because this moment describes when the photons were released, not when they were first discovered by humans. Choice B is incorrect because these particles, as it is explained in the third paragraph, were released 380,000 years after the Big Bang. B Inference The passage states that Penzias and Wilson were initially troubled line 71 by the signals that turned out to be from the CMB radiation, and in fact mistakenly attributed them to pigeon droppings lines 74—75. This indicates that they were not looking for these signals, nor did they know how to interpret them. The work they did to receive the Nobel prize, therefore, was the result of an accidental discovery. B General Purpose The first paragraph states that the people have a right. In other words, they have the right to learn about who their leaders are and what they do. Choice A is incorrect because the right to pursue academic interests is discussed somewhat in the second paragraph Let us dare to read, think, speak, and write, line 33 but not in the first. Choice C is incorrect, because although Adams says that the art of printing should be encouraged line 28 , this is not the primary point of the paragraph. Rather, it is secondary to the point that citizens should be well informed. Choice D is incorrect because although the first passage mentions the right of citizens to revoke the authority line 13 of their leaders, it does not discuss the right of citizens to propose legislation themselves. A Word in Context The statement that the people have a right to revoke the authority that they themselves have deputed, and to constitute abler and better agents, attorneys and trustees lines 12—15 means that the people have the right to place in power better leaders to replace those whose authority has been revoked. It does not mention, however, that they endured any feelings of despair. In fact, it says that they endured these with the hopes and expectations which constantly supported and carried them through all hardships with patience and resignation lines 60—63. A Interpretation The very first sentence states that all people have a desire to know line 5 , that is, a curious nature. Choice C is incorrect, because although the passage discusses the right of the people to revoke the authority of bad rulers, and mentions the inherent rights of mankind against foreign and domestic tyrants and usurpers lines 43—45 , it does not state specifically that the people have any dread of tyranny. Choice D is incorrect because the passage does not discuss thrift resourcefulness with money. A Structural Comparison The second paragraph is characterized primarily by its use of the imperative mood: Let us dare … Let every order … Let them … Let us study … Let us read … Let us examine … These sentences therefore have a much more urgent and suggestive diction than do the sentences in the first paragraph. While the first paragraph is primarily descriptive of the rights of free citizens, the second is prescriptive of their corresponding duties. Clearly, then power refers to a despotic tyrannical agent. So the phrase the gates of earth and hell line 46 is referring to the brutality of oppressive leaders who persecute us in our worldly existence and about an otherworldly existence. A Purpose The sentence Let us read and recollect and impress upon our souls the views and ends of our own more immediate forefathers in exchanging their native country for a dreary, inhospitable wilderness lines 46—50 invites us to learn about the beliefs and motivations of our forefathers who came to America to escape oppression. In other words, Adams wants to remind the reader of the importance of liberty. C Interpretation Although many environmentalists may well regard fertilizer run-off from farm fields line 23 as an unfortunate by-product of farming, or an environmental hazard, the author here presents it as supplying some of the key nutritional elements line 21 for cyanobacteria. Therefore, it is a potential sustenance nourishment. Therefore, according to the author, this fertilization is a promising and feasible solution to a global problem. C Data Analysis Figure 1 depicts a satellite image of the largest recorded natural phytoplankton bloom in February 2012, believed to have been caused by the addition of iron dust blown into the sea around Antarctica by strong offshore winds from the caption beneath Figure 1. Choice B cannot be correct, because the figure does not indicate anything about the relationship between algal bloom size and time of year. Choice D cannot be correct, because the figure does not contain any information about the relationship between bloom size and distance from the Antarctic ice shelves. Therefore, the death of the algal bloom described in lines 61—65 is vindication of his theory that iron fertilization can lead to carbon sequestration. C Inference The passage states that plankton serves as the base layer of the global food chain line 13 and therefore fertilizing phytoplankton with iron would promote blooms to help sea life thrive all the way up the food chain, even to whale populations lines 44—46. Therefore, iron fertilization helps the whale population by supporting an important food source for the whales. D Interpretation The second to last paragraph lines 88—92 discusses a way to motivate further research into iron fertilization lines 89—90 therefore the route to broader acceptance of the practice lines 91—92 is a mode of persuasion. Choice A is incorrect because, although the research itself probably involves an experimental procedure, the route is not part of the research itself, but rather a means to gain support for that research. Choice B is incorrect because, although an appeal to the needs of commerce line 88 shows an appreciation for economic concerns, the route is not itself an economic difficulty. Choice C is incorrect because appealing to the needs of commerce is not an idealistic approach, but rather a pragmatic one. C Idiom Although gerunds like hiking are often interchangeable with infinitives like to hike for instance, saying I like hiking is essentially the same as saying I like to hike , often the conventions of idiom dictate a preference for one form over the other in a particular context. In this case, the phrase getting students to respond is proper idiom, whereas getting students responding is not proper idiom. Choice B uses an infinitive form, but the phrase to become responsive inappropriately changes the meaning of the sentence. B Coordination The original phrasing misuses the colon, which should be used only to precede an explanatory clause or an explanatory list. Choice C is incorrect for the same reason. Choice D is incorrect because it commits a number shift: choosing between punishment and incentive is choosing a single motivator, not motivators. Choice B avoids these errors and conveys the idea clearly and concisely. In the original phrasing, to reward infinitive is being compared with punishment abstract class noun , and since these are different parts of speech, it violates the law of parallelism. The only choice that provides another abstract class noun is B reward. Choice C is incorrect because rewarding is a gerund, not a class noun, and choice D is incorrect because a reward represents an event-instance, not a class of actions. The phrase if not more so is an interrupting modifier, but when it is removed, the sentence reads. The only choice that avoids this problem is choice B. A Parallelism This sentence contains the comparative idiom not only A but also B. When we use such idioms, we must make sure that we use the precise phrasing and that the words or phrases that replace A and B are parallel. The original phrasing is both idiomatic and parallel, because both phrases that replace A and B are prepositional phrases. Choice B is not parallel, and choices C and D are neither parallel nor idiomatic. A Diction The original word choice is best. Choice B is incorrect because although the results of the study may indicate that changes be made in the classroom, the phrase have profound indications for the classroom is not idiomatic, because indicate is a transitive verb and so requires a direct object. Choice D has a similar problem, since the verb instigate is also a transitive verb. Choice C is incorrect because improvisations are performances without preparation, which studies cannot do. B Transitions This paragraph is discussing the evidence regarding the ability of rewards to incentivize learning. This particular sentence mentions a possible interpretation of that evidence; therefore, the adverb evidently is the most logical sentence modifier. Choices A and C are incorrect because they inappropriately indicate a contrast. Choice D is incorrect because this point is not the last of a sequence of points. It also contains a qualification a statement that moderates a previous claim in the statement it would be a mistake to conclude that all rewards are bad. Choice B is incorrect because the paragraph contains no quantification numerical measurement. Choice C is incorrect because it provides neither anecdote illustrative story nor metaphor comparison that equates to things that are not literally equivalent. Choice D is incorrect because the paragraph contains no irony reversal of reader expectations or attempts at humor. C Coordination The original phrasing is illogical because DNA does not serve as a chemical compound, it is a chemical compound. Although someone can both serve as a nurse and be a nurse, this is because nursing is a service. Molecules do not perform services in the way that human professionals do. Choice B is incorrect because it produces a comma splice, and choice D is incorrect because it is needlessly wordy, and because the present progressive form is serving incorrectly implies a current action rather than a general function. Choice C avoids these errors and conveys the idea clearly and effectively in the form of an appositive phrase. Any interrupting phrase must start and end with the same punctuation marks: either commas or em-dashes. Although choice D uses the em-dash, it is incorrect because the pronoun itself does not agree in number with the antecedent cell types. Choice A is incorrect because apropos means appropriate to a given situation. Choice B is incorrect because liable means likely or legally responsible. Choice D is incorrect because the phrase essential at is neither logical nor idiomatic. Therefore, the best introductory sentence is C , which focuses on progress in the computer sciences. Choice B is incorrect because the verb depend does not agree in number with the subject success. Choice C is incorrect because the phrase the ability of our translating is illogical. Choice D avoids these errors and expresses the idea clearly and concisely. B Data Analysis Choice A is incorrect because the graph does not indicate anything about the reason for the declining costs in gene sequencing. This actual cost is less than 1% of the predicted cost. Choice D is incorrect because the graph makes no direct comparison of the cost of genome sequencing to that of other information-based technologies. Choice C is incorrect for the same reason. Choice D is incorrect because, although it corrects the dangling participle, the present perfect form of the verb, have discovered, is illogical. D Diction The original word choice is illogical since qualities are incapable of deciding anything. Choice B and C are incorrect for similar reasons: anything that arranges or regulates must have a mind and intention, which qualities lack. Choice D is the only reasonable choice, since qualities can determine that is, play a deciding role in an outcome whether or not something is art. A Verb Aspect The original phrasing is best. The present perfect form have developed is appropriate because the status of the notions is the consequence of how they developed over the centuries. Recall that the perfect or consequential aspect is used to indicate a status-as-consequence see Chapter 4, Lesson 23. B Coordination The original phrasing is incorrect because the clause that follows the semicolon is not independent, and the transitive verb said lacks a logical direct object. Choice C is incorrect because it creates a comma splice. Choice D is incorrect because the clause that follows the semicolon is not independent. Choice B avoids these problems. Choice B is incorrect because it creates a non-parallel list: compels … inspiring … beautiful. Choice B is incorrect because a semicolon should only be used to join independent clauses. Choice C is incorrect because an em dash should only be used to separate an independent clause from an interrupting modifier. Choice D is best because a simple comma is most effective at joining a dependent clause and an independent one. A Verb Form The original phrasing is best. Choice B is incorrect because the pronoun they disagrees in number with its antecedent skill, beauty, or expression. The conjunction or implies that only one of these serves as the subject; therefore, it is singular. Choice C is incorrect because it does not coordinate with the phrase that gives. Choice D is incorrect because it has the disagreement problem of B as well as the coordination problem of C. Choice D is best because it poses an intriguing question that follows directly from that definition. Choices A , B , and C , while true statements, are irrelevant to a discussion of this theory. The original phrasing and the phrasing in choice B are incorrect because they create illogical comparisons: they compare people to an impact. Choice C is incorrect because it is not idiomatic. Choice D provides an idiomatic, parallel, and logical comparison. Choices B and D are incorrect because they form comma splices. Choice C is incorrect because the present participle being implies that Chaplin was born at the same time that he crossed the Atlantic, which is illogical. Choices B and D commit the same error. Only choice D forms a sentence with an independent clause. Note also that is correctly applies the comparative idiom not only A but also B. Choice C provides the most logical phrase to coordinate this state of being and its cause: because of. The prepositional phrases in the original phrasing and in choices B and D do not convey this logical relationship. B Pronoun Agreement The original phrasing is incorrect because the definite pronoun they disagrees in number with the antecedent government. Choice C is incorrect because the subjunctive form would have been incorrectly implies that this clause in counterfactual. Choice D is incorrect because propaganda, although it sounds plural, is singular. B Diction In this context, eradicated does not work because it means destroy completely, as a scourge, which does not accurately modify a visa. Choice B , revoked officially invalidated works nicely. Choice C is illogical because the visa is not disallowed entry into a group, as excluded would imply. Choice D is illogical because abolish more properly describes the formal termination of an institution, practice, or system. Section 3: Math No Calculator 4. A Advanced Mathematics polynomials EASY There are several ways to approach this question. C Additional Topics circles and triangles MEDIUM Since PA and PB are both radii of the circle, they are congruent, and so triangle APB is isosceles. By the Isosceles Triangle Theorem, then, angle A must also be 20°. This gives us an expression of 2 n + 4 for the nth term of the sequence. Choice A is clearly incorrect, because the first term of this sequence is not 2. Only choice B , the difference between the fourth term and the third term, 12 — 10, gives us a value of 2. A Advanced Mathematics radical and exponential equations MEDIUM For this question, we need to know two Laws of Exponentials from Chapter 9: Law 8 and Law 9. First, we use Law 9 to translate the radicals into exponents. Given equation: Apply Law of Exponentials 9: Apply Law of Exponentials 9 again: Apply Law of Exponentials 8: Raise to the power: Apply Law of Exponentials 8 again: 8. B Algebra word problems MEDIUM Perhaps the most straightforward way to approach this question is to regard it as a conversion from a given area of lawn in square feet to cost in dollars. A Algebra absolute values MEDIUM-HARD First, we should notice that each choice can be interpreted as a distance between two points on the number line. First we need to locate — v on the number line by just reflecting v over the origin at 0. Recall that multiplication by —1 is equivalent to reflecting a point on the number line over the origin at 0. This makes it easy to see the distances the problem is asking us to compare: Clearly, the greatest of these distances is A. B Special Topics trigonometry MEDIUM-HARD In order to solve this without a calculator, we need to know how to analyze this problem in terms of the unit circle. We are told that x goes from 0 to 3π. If you trace with your finger 1. C Additional Topics complex numbers HARD To solve this without a calculator, you must be able to evaluate a few low powers of i. The only graph among the choices that is an open down parabola with a vertex in the second quadrant is the graph in choice D. Clearly, the area of the figure must be the sum of these two areas Subtract 3: Therefore, the perimeter of the figure is just the sum of the lengths of its sides. If we travel around the figure clockwise from the leftmost side, we get a perimeter of. A Data Analysis central tendency EASY The median of three numbers is the one in the middle when they are listed in order. If two of the numbers are 10 and 12, with 12 as the median, then the third number must be greater than or equal to 12, otherwise 12 would not be in the middle. Of the choices, only A 8 is not greater than or equal to 12. A Advanced Mathematics triangle trigonometry EASY Remember the definitions of the basic trigonometric functions: SOH CAH TOA. If the set contains an odd number of numbers, the median is the middle number, but if the set contains an even number of numbers, it is the average of the two middle numbers. Since this set contains 24 numbers, the median is the average or the 12th and the 13th numbers. The 12th number in the set is 12, and the 13th number in the set is 13, the median is 12. Even better, we can notice that the two legs are in a 5:12 ratio, and therefore triangle BCD is a 5-12-13 triangle. If he is the 12th youngest person, then there are 11 students younger than he is. Therefore, there are 18 students in addition to him, for a total of 19 students. A Data Analysis probability MEDIUM Since the sum of 55 and 35 is 90, which is 10 greater than 80, there must be at least 10 in the overlap between the two sets. Statement B is not necessarily true, because it is possible that all 35 students taking AP courses are also varsity athletes, which is more than half of 55. This implies that the slopes of lines and are opposites. C Algebra expressing relationships MEDIUM-HARD The portion of the birds that are finches is just the number of finches divided by the total number of birds. Since there are already 30 finches, adding n finches makes 30 + n finches. Notice, also, that since y varies directly as the square of x, then when x is multiplied by n, y is multiplied by n 2. B Advanced Mathematics analyzing quadratics HARD One way to tackle this question is simply to simplify the expression for f 7 , and then see which choice gives the same expression. Alternately, you might just make a quick sketch of the parabola and take advantage of the symmetry: 24. After the first year, its price increased by 20%, so its price was 1. After the second year, this price declined 25%, so its price was 0. After the second year, this price increased by 10% so its price was 1. This means that the radius of the small circle is 3 and the radius of the large circle is 8. Notice that sectors AOB and COD share a central angle, and therefore are similar. So the measures of arc CD and arc AB are in a ratio of 3:8. Cross multiply: Divide by 8: 29. Notice that the February axis is vertical, and the May axis is horizontal, so the typical x-y relationship is reversed: Class A: February: 60, May: 60 Class B: February: 80, May: 70 Class C: February: 50, May: 70 Class D: February: 90, May: 90 Notice that the only class that saw an increase in percent participation is Class C. C Data Analysis graphs HARD We just need to tally the number of students who participated from each class. With the direct method, we simply plug the base and height measurements into the formula , and with the indirect method, we find the area as the sum or difference of other areas. In this case, since we know the lengths of one of the sides, the direct method is probably best. But we will need to find the height as well. Since the radius of the circle is 1, the diameter FH has a length of 2. Now we can use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of GH, which is the height of the triangle if FG is taken as the base. Plug into area formula: 35. Subtracting π radians or 180° from an angle just means rotating the terminal ray of that angle 180° clockwise. It should be clear, then, that in the xy-plane, the angle with measure x — π points in the opposite direction of the angle with measure x. Recall that the cosine of an angle is just the x-coordinate of the point where its terminal ray intersects the unit circle. We have 10 pounds of grain and have used it to feed 20 chickens. Since one pound of grain feeds 5 chickens, proportionally we need 4 pounds of grain to feed 20 chickens. Since 1 pound of grain can feed 2 pigs, proportionally 6 pounds of grain can feed 12 pigs. You might notice that the predicted number of tickets sold in the Front Orchestra and the Third Mezzanine are fractions, which seems strange. But even if we round these predictions to the nearest whole numbers, 47 and 93, the total number of tickets is the same: 346, which underestimates the number of tickets sold by 25. Section 5: Essay Sample Response Reading Score: 8 out of 8 Analysis Score: 8 out of 8 Writing Score: 8 out of 8 As Ellis Parker Butler sees it, American English spelling at the turn of the 20th century is a disaster. It defies logic and common sense, and it even destroys reason itself. Or so it seems. In his essay, Butler builds his argument with humor and charm, and proposes tongue-in-cheek alternatives to traditional standards of, and more recent revisions to, American English spelling. In so doing he pokes ample fun at how Americans think and behave, delving into commentary on politics, technology, and cultural expectations. He uses metaphor, personification, anecdote, and sharp irony to skewer not only the American elite but also himself. Then he turns his gaze to the problem at hand: silent letters. The preposterousness of his theory is intended to reflect the preposterousness of those who spend so much time and mental energy on silly rules. Butler uses ironic humor to skewer the American habit of arguing over silly things. He uses metaphor, personification, anecdote, and sharp irony to skewer not only the American elite but also himself. The author shows particular skill in verb choice defies logic. Largely free of grammatical error, this response demonstrates strong command of language and advanced proficiency in writing.

To dismiss an idea is to believe it is not even worthy of consideration, not merely to reject it after consideration. D Tone and Characterization The narrator says that Reverend Jansen bent down in a cloud of Aqua Velva lines 5—6 and told her not to worry line 12. The preposterousness of his theory is intended to reflect the preposterousness of those who spend so much time and mental energy on silly rules. Two independent clauses may not be joined by only a comma. C Advanced Mathematics exponentials HARD Notice that this question asks us to find the value of 2 n + 3, so we should try to solve the given equation for 2 n + 3. Cross multiply: Divide by 8: 29. A Verb Form The original phrasing is best. Notice that this description provides no evidence of anxiety or excitement. Emerson describes this problem with a simile: this is a disease like a thickening of the skin until the vital organs are destroyed lines 64—66.